Debt and Usury Case Usury - 8048 Words

History and Background To begin my research, I wanted to get a clear understanding of just exactly what usury was and how it came about. The word usury is derived from both the Medieval Latin word usuria, meaning interest or excessive interest, and from the Latin word usura, which simply means interest. At that point in time, the definition of usury meant the charging of interest on loans, but over time after the legislation of countries to limit the rate of interest on loans, the definition of usury came to mean the interest above the lawful rate. As it stands today, usury would be found to mean the charging of unreasonable or relatively high rates of interest. The practice of usury can be traced back over four†¦show more content†¦Adam Smith, who was considered the â€Å"Father of the Free-market Capitalism† and known for his general advocacy of laissez-fair economics, however, was strongly in support of controlling usury (Jadlow, 1977; Levy, 1987). While he didnâ €™t want to completely exclude interest, he was in favor of the imposition of an interest rate ceiling (Smith, 1937). Another reformist was Silvio Gesell, a successful nineteenth century merchant in Germany and Argentina, who condemned interest on the basis that his sales were more often related to the pride of money than people s needs or the quality of his products (Gesell, 1904). His proposal of making money a public service subject to a use fee led to widespread experimentation in Austria, France, Germany, Spain Switzerland, and the United States under the banner of the so-called â€Å"stamp script movement†, but these initiatives were all squashed when their success began to threaten the national banking monopolies (Kennedy, 1995). Usury Law Generally, usury law is used for the most part in the handling of consumer credit cases that involve the statutes and regulations which limit the charges that creditors may assess when extending credit to consumers. There are many statutes and regulations which restrict credit charges. The oldest of these are referred to as general usury statutes which are established to set the maximum rate of interest that can be charged in any loan transaction in aShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s The Merchant Of Venice1532 Words   |  7 PagesYet, from an Islamic perspective, the answer is no. While the American public seems enamored with more and more debt, Islam has distinct regulations regarding the acquisition of personal debt. The reason is clear: In Islam, economics and religion are inextricably linked—a concept completely foreign to all but the most fundamentalist Americans. The ills of money-lending from the Eastern perspective have been fodder for Western literature for centuries, replete with illustrations that mirror the differencesRead MoreAnalysis Of Riba ( Interest ) As A Cause Of Imbalance Society And Its Islamic Perspective Essay1363 Words   |  6 Pagesits followers. Keywords: economy, Riba, interest, usury, imbalance Introduction: The word Riba Ø ±Ã˜ ¨Ã˜ § is an Arabic word which means to increase, grow, augment, educate (child), swell, mount up(1). The word is also used in Holy Quran in different meanings but when it appears in the verses based on financial matters then it means ‘Interest’ or ‘Usury’(2). That’s why the term Riba is used in this paper instead of the word ‘interest’ or ‘usury’. Similarly, Shah Waliullah defines it as, ‘a loan thatRead MoreMedieval Anti Jewish Nationalism During The Reformation Of The Roman Empire1919 Words   |  8 Pagesare replaced by the image of the stubborn, blind Jew rejected by man and God. Again the Jew is the blasphemer of Christ and master of a campaign to undermine Christian beliefs. ..... The Jews attempt to destroy Christendom from within through their usury and their false teachings, and from without, by their treachery on behalf of the Turks. Indeed the Jewish hatred for the gentile is so great it has become part of the Jewish messianic hopes which envision a day when the Jews will have enslaved or murderedRead MoreThe Modernization Of Money And Interest Essay2386 Words   |  10 Pagesother commodities with immeasurable values, the intrinsic values of coinage made from metal, such as gold and silver, were more stable. These advantages initiated the abstraction of money, changing money from the terminals of transactions in the calf case into the media of trades. This change triggered disasters. During the time of Greek and Roman civilizations, from the sixth century B.C. to the fourth century A.D., interest rates were relatively high, compared with those in modern financial systemsRead More The Distance that Separates us from Shakespeares Merchant of Venice2136 Words   |  9 Pagesstory, where it may have originated, and what it may have meant to a 16th century audience, may cause us to revaluate this very significant element of the play. The tracing of the possible sources of the story and the examining of the history of usury as well as its position in Elizabethan society may actually serve as testimony on behalf of Shylock and his Jewish identity. A careful look at the text In order to begin a comprehensive analysis of the pound of flesh story, it isRead MoreEssay on Banking2495 Words   |  10 Pagesultra-profitable credit charges that go beyond reasonable standards for taking an extra benefit from a specific situation in detriment to their customers, are guilty of usury. Usury may be defined as demanding significantly more money back from customers than is just and fair. Financial institutions consistently engaged in usury are accordingly a subject of our concern. While we do not necessarily endorse bureaucratic regulations which may be excessively burdensome and counter-productive, we do expectRead MorePolitics And City Of God : Issues And Medieval Political Thought Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pagesalso established what became known as the Ecclesiastical courts. These courts were designed to handle cases involving widows, orphans, university students, crusaders and contracts. Infact the â€Å"seal of God† given by priests on contracts involvi ng two businessmen made it possible for the priests to intervene in business matters and by implication exercise control over commercial concerns. In the case of exercising power and control over local landlords and leaders, the Roman Catholic Church inventedRead MoreIslamic Banking And Conventional Banking8251 Words   |  34 PagesIslamic banking There are many distinct types of financial and commodity transaction system in the Islamic banking. Every sort of transaction is guided by Sharia council and followed by the Islamic valued and absolutely being refrain from the Riba or usury. Some transaction systems are as follows. 01.Wadiah (Safekeeping): Wadiah means custody or safekeeping of assets. In the process of Wadiah arrangement, the client will deposit cash or other assets in a bank for safekeeping. The The bank guaranteesRead MoreUnited States Is Becoming A Game Only The Privileged Can Play Essay1264 Words   |  6 Pagesfreshman from the bottom quarter income bracket going to the top colleges (Colleges, American Association Of Community). A large reason for this is the fact that government funding for students college education has largely decreased with student loans/debt being more prominent. Added to this is the fact that many minority communities are still living with the repercussions of America’s white prejudice past. In 2005, â€Å"within five years of entering college, 40 percent of students from the top socioeconomicRead MoreConcept of Maqasid Al-Syariah1824 Words   |  8 Pageswithin the community). The Prophet Muhammad once said that his community (i.e. the Muslim community) would never agree on an error. Qiyas (analogy) In cases when something needs a legal ruling, but has not been clearly addressed in the other sources, judges may use analogy, reasoning, and legal precedent to decide new case law. This is often the case when a general principle can be applied to new situations. (See the article Smoking in Islam for an example of this process at work.) 3. Type and categories

Collective Behavior - 11916 Words

Chapter I: The Study of Collective Behavior A. What Is Collective Behavior? As we review these pages for the final time sections of Los Angeles are in flames in response to a jury verdict exonerating police whose beating of an African American man was captured on videotape. Supporters and opponents of abortion take to the streets daily. Mexico City searches for answers to a gas explosion that leveled a 40 square block area. The number of men wearing pony tails and one earring and the number of people saying and understanding yo, dude seems to be increasing. These diverse actions fall within the area sociologists call collective behavior. Some fields in sociology are relatively easy to define and their meaning can be grasped†¦show more content†¦An even more extreme view argues that the field as a whole should be abolished because all complex social behavior is collective and to a degree dynamic. Hence the field has no unique subject matter. The collective behavior perspective is thought to apply to all behavior and no unique concepts, theories or methods are needed to understand it, apart from general sociological concepts. If we were starting fresh we could certainly find a better name for the field and perhaps a more logical way of dividing it up (although this could be said of most intellectual fields). The term collective behavior does not have much literal meaning since strictly speaking it includes any group behavior. Yet once established, intellectual traditions are slow to change. The initial definitions of knowledge and questions in this field still exert a powerful hold. Courses and books usually contain the words collective behavior. Critics of this field raise important issues, but as in Kiplings fable of the blind persons and the elephant (where each person correctly identifies a separate part, but all fail to see the whole animal), we think there is a broad logic uniting the field. The logic involves emergent group behavior in settings where cultural guidelines are non-specific or lacking, inadequate, or in dispute. B.Show MoreRelatedStudy of Collective Behavior by Sociologists1307 Words   |  5 PagesCollective behavior can be observed in many forms. In the view of sociologist Neil Smelser, â€Å"collective behavior is the relatively spontaneous and unstructured behavior of a group of people who are reacting to a common influence in an ambiguous situation†. (Stolley, 2005) Other sociologists define collective behavior as spontaneous activities that involve large numbers of people violating established norms. This fluidity makes it more difficult for sociologists to generalize about people’s behaviorRead MoreCollective Behavior11901 Words   |  48 PagesChapter I: The Study of Collective Behavior A. What Is Collective Behavior?   As we review these pages for the final time sections of Los Angeles are in flames in response to a jury verdict exonerating police whose beating of an African American man was captured on videotape. Supporters and opponents of abortion take to the streets daily. Mexico City searches for answers to a gas explosion that leveled a 40 square block area. The number of men wearing pony tails and one earring and the number of peopleRead MoreThe Theory Of Collective Behavior Essay1219 Words   |  5 Pagesand others by engaging in various types of collective action, such as protesting in the streets, that dramatize those grievances and concerns and demand that something be done about them.† (Ruud Kreisi Hanspeter, Saul.A. Sarah, Snow.A. David, pg 3) The theories of social movements are discussed below. Theory of collective behaviour: Collective behaviour bears an intimate relation to social change. In broader sense, collective behaviour refers to the behaviour of two orRead MoreCollective Behavior And Their Theories Essay1745 Words   |  7 PagesQuestion 1: Discuss collective behavior and their theories. Collective behavior according to Smelser is relatively spontaneous and unstructured behavior of a group of people who are reacting to a common influence in an ambiguous situation. Another definition given in the book Sociology: Comprehensive edition indicates that collective behavior refers to relatively unplanned and relatively unstructured behavior by large numbers of individuals acting with or being influenced by other individuals. TheRead MoreCollective Behavior Theories1765 Words   |  8 PagesRobert Park first coined the term collective behavior in the early 1900s. In class, it was taught that his definition included social unrest, crowds, sects, publics, mass movements, crowd mind, propaganda, and fashion as forms of collective behavior. Collective behavior has shaped our everyday lives in more ways than most of us care to think about. Collective behavior is defined as any event in which a group of people engages in unusual behavior. Unusual may have a negative connotation for someRead MoreCommon Forms Of Collective Behavior1511 Words   |  7 Pages Collective behavior is a term sociologists use to refer to a miscellaneous set of behaviors in which large numbers of people engage. More specifically, collective behavior refers to relatively spontaneous and relatively unstructured behavior by large numbers of individuals acting with or being influenced by other individuals. Relatively spontaneous means that the behavior is somewhat spontaneous but also somewhat planned, while relatively unstructured means that the behavior is somewhat organizedRead More Collective Behavior Essay481 Words   |  2 Pagesnbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This event is an example of a social movement. This was simply an organized group of people that gathered for the purpose of resisting change (In this case, the strategies discussed by the aforementioned institutions) through their collective action. Specifically, this type of social movement is called a resistance movement, because this group was in opposition to change of a certain aspect of our society. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The main reason why activists gathered in protestRead MoreThe Collective Behavior within an Organization624 Words   |  3 PagesOrganizational culture is a way to describe the collective behavior within an organization, the values, norms, language, symbols, status, and beliefs and habits. We can also view organizational behavior as the collection of behaviors within an organization that cause those members to perceive their organization and others. In fact, organizational culture affects the way individuals and groups interact with each other, clients, stakeholders and the public. Because people are so individualistic, itRead MoreAn Example Of Experiencing Collective Behavior1875 Words   |  8 Pages16. An example of experiencing collective behavior in life is one particular moment during college. At my time at USM, I participated in multiple protests across campus. The first being the students of Missouri protest. This protest was run by the group USM f uture, a student run organization that focuses on bringing more diversity to USM. Maine is a very white populated state with little diversity. I’ve noticed that most of my classmates are white and some classes, I tend to be the only person ofRead MoreCollective Behavior and the Assertion of Individuality: A Study956 Words   |  4 Pagesare engaged in collective behavior. THESIS: Those who are able to overcome collective behavior and allow for their individuality to determine their own outcomes exemplify the best of human nature. The most convincing piece of evidence to reinforce this assertion is found at the beginning of the 15th chapter of Thios Societys Myths and Realities: An Introduction to Social Change. Deviation from collective behavior, which the author defines as spontaneous and unstructured behavior (Thio, p. 474)

Airbag Technology for Passive Supplemental - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theAirbag Technology for Passive Supplemental Restraint. Answer: Introduction Automotive airbag technology was developed to provide proper safety to drivers and passengers. Today's airbag system is a passive supplemental restraint that is used as pad for the drivers or passenger during frontal impacts. In todays era this technology is smartly adaptive and will be used in future as well. The need of the tenants regarding the safety while driving as well as performing check of the entire sensor like out-of position sensing and child seat sensing disables the airbag whenever some misconception happens. Description Airbag is a device used for vehicle safety and is designed to adapt to rapid changes during a collision. It prevents the event to cause harmful damage. It was invented by an engineer named as John Hetrick. He designed this technology with his experience regarding air compression in Navy. It was a valuable invention with very less economic expenditure. The invention was due to the inspiration to provide safety to the drivers. As there were rapid increase in the accidents rates and a law to provide automatic protection was launched. The federal government announced to improve the safety measures and this facility of air bag was introduced in the market. Air bag is a cushion which protects the automobile in case off collision. It consists of air bag module, monitoring system, sensors, indicator and steering connector. These elements are interconnected and functions at time of accident. The sensor visualize the scenario of car and whenever a massive collision occurs the sensor detects th e impact and heats up the chamber to perform a fast chemical reaction. The reaction produces nitrogen gas that fills the air balloon within seconds. This bag covers the entire car and the nitrogen gas gets released as soon as bag is opened. Airbags were introduced to us to reduce fatality rates in vehicular crashes. Ever since its introduction into the car safety system, the number of fatalities and injuries a year have reduced and have dramatically decreased. The finesse of detail in the airbags technology is vital as it is the reason for the decreased injury and death rates. Thus it is widely used in the current era as it safeguards the life of people while travelling. There are certain situations in which accidents take place without any fault, so to avoid deaths and injuries in that case airbag technology is widely used. It was issued on 18 August 1953 in United States (Ashley, 2015). It was adopted in place of substitution of seat belts for safety purpose. It gained wide popularity in both local and global market as the efficiency of airbag was widely accepted as it safeguards the life during car crash. The boom in the market regarding airbags was due to the increase in awareness among consumer regarding vehicle safety features. The growth in automobile sector was due to the completion from other car manufacturing companies. The reason for significant growth in local and global market can be seen due to government legislations. Whenever the vehicle collides with a pedestrian or hits the bumper it would be inflated to provide a softer impact, much like an airbag in the steering wheel. While an inflatable bumper might invoke ideas of pedestrians bouncy off into the path of other vehicles, it was insisted that it would collapse during the impact to absorb the energy, much like the airbag mounted in ste ering wheels inside cars do (Bennett, Rokas and Chen, 2017). After emerging of air bag market the old generic systems that were previously used are not currently available. In order to improve the functionally of the airbag during crashes, we must understand the fundamentals of an airbag. The purpose of an airbag is to provide the occupants with a soft cushion that lowers the impact on the passengers bodies upon contact. Therefore, the speed at which the airbags are release play an immense role. If the airbag isnt released on time, it would be against its purpose of being available to the passengers as the impact would have already occurred. The airbag can also be dangerous to the passengers if they are seated to close as with the latest technology, airbags are deployed with milliseconds to ensure it is present before the body of the passenger hits any surface of the car due to the crash impact. This time can be even quicker if pre-impact sensors are installed onto the bodies of the car, so the airbags can be released millisecond before impact even occurs. (Source: https://myassignmenthelp.com/free-samples/new-invention-car-airbag) The motivation for developing airbag is to help the customers sitting in the car to reduce collision injuries and making the car driving safe. It reduces the damage caused to the customers during injury. In last few years road accidents are taking place frequently that is why introducing airbags were an emerging need in the market. A number of deaths were increasing and the reason was road accidents thus demand of safety raised in the market (van Ratingen, 2016). The living standards as increased and the willingness of customers to spend money globally increased the airbag market. Increasing purchases of luxury vehicles that have airbags protect people from injuries and death. Companies like Mercedes, Porsche, Audi, and Bentley have installed airbags in their cars so that passengers are protected at time of driving. We can introduce a sensor into the body of the car (Pradeep, et. al 2017). This sensor can detect the speed of the crash and deploy the airbag according to the intensity of the crash. With this system, the passenger will not get hit by the airbag at a high speed when he/she was involved in a low speed crash (Thomas, et. al, 2015). Thus if a person drives fast it can be identified and stop an occurrence of risk by indicating some safety measures. The technology has changed the living standard as the riders need not to worry about the collision as they have the saviour which would be used to save at time of collision. While driving over highways the speed is often ignored which sometimes lead to severe accident that to save the life of all people sitting in the car airbags were generated. These are used to minimize the risk of injuries and deal in the rollover cases (Patrawala, Ghorpade and Gore, 2016). The use of airbags has protected a person in right circumstances. As research showed that many drivers used to drive without wearing seat belts thus an alternative was developed that is using airbag facility. The development of this technology has reduced the risk among small childrens as they dont wear seat belts while travelling. Airbag gets activated in milliseconds so that person is safe as soon as some crash occurs (Kuk and Shkrum, 2017). The only motive for developing the concept of airbag was to reduce the death rates du e to road accidents. Other than that while travelling for long distances driver might un-accidently take a nap, thus airbag act as a saviour in that situation. Airbags takes care of the entire situation on road by detecting the entire possible situation that may cause damage to the person. If the car doesnt have airbags it will increase the chances of injuries and will enhance the risk factor while travelling. It is true that there are certain levels of risk that can occur using airbags but the risk of death is much greater than getting injured by an airbag (Merkle and Harrigan, 2016). Hence, it is suggested that vehicle has airbag so that it doesnt cause any damage. Car crashes are unpredictable and can occur from any angle. Therefore, airbags are not only important in the frontal region but also from other angles. Having a higher number of airbags in a car doesnt necessarily mean that it will be safer. Releasing all airbags without a crash can act as a higher detrimental to the passengers as the passenger could receive additional blows to their body that were not necessary in the situation (Hyman, et. al, 2016). An improvement in this area of safety would be a smart release system. Running crash patterns and speeds into algorithms and comparing them with the direction of impact taken by the passengers counteract these directions with the amount of force required from the airbags to maintain the safety of the passenger. These airbags should target specific body parts, too quickly restrain the passengers body from moving. For example, knee airbags or inflatable seatbelts, these suggestions would eliminate movement rapidly. In short, airbags are yet to be fully revolutionized as there are several areas in which it can be improved to ensure a higher level of security for the cars passengers. Increasing the time of release by introducing sensors, counter-acting specific directions during crashes based on side of impact, alternating speeds of airbags on release are just several of many possibilities there are to improve the airbag technology system (Ashley, 2015). As for the existents of airbags, no other technology has been released to outshine to idea of airbags. Personally, an idea of releasing bumpers just before contact will be revolutionary but also expensive and very hard to perfect and will take decades to perfect the concept. Consequently, airbag technology system is going to be the dominant car safety technology for the decades to come. Airbags were introduced for safety purpose and has been widely adopted in the market. Conclusion Airbag technology is a boom in the market that as covered the entire market and is a future technology for assuring vehicle safety systems. Although Mercedes has been working on this technology for several years, it isn't available on any production models yet and may not be seen on the road for another few years. With the current evolution of airbags and their pervasiveness within the automotive world, it wouldn't be a stretch to imagine future cars using airbags to not only protect passengers, but to actually stop cars as well. References Ashley, B., 2015. Defective Designs in Airbag Technology. InThe Forum: A Tennessee Student Legal Journal(Vol. 2, No. 1, p. 4). Bennett, J., Rokas, O. and Chen, L., 2017. Healthcare in the Smart Home: A Study of Past, Present and Future.Sustainability,9(5), p.840. Hyman, D.A., Saha, S., Nayar, H.S., Doyle, J.F., Agarwal, S.K. and Chaiet, S.R., 2016. Patterns of facial fractures and protective device use in motor vehicle collisions from 2007 to 2012.JAMA facial plastic surgery,18(6), pp.455-461. Kuk, M. and Shkrum, M.J., 2017. Injury Patterns Sustained in Fatal Motor Vehicle Collisions with Driver's Third?Generation Airbag Deployment.Journal of forensic sciences. Merkle, A.C. and Harrigan, T.P., 2016.Research Literature Review: The Use of Air Bags for Mitigating Grade Crossing and Trespass Accidents(No. DOT/FRA/ORD-16/22). Patrawala, Y.I., Ghorpade, R.D. and Gore, R.G., 2016. Effectiveness of pedestrian safety technologies for the new age car: a review.International journal of current engineering and technology,6(5), pp.1522-1531. Pradeep, S.A., Iyer, R.K., Kazan, H. and Pilla, S., 2017. Automotive Applications of Plastics: Past, Present, and Future. InApplied Plastics Engineering Handbook (Second Edition)(pp. 651-673). Thomas, S.D., Weiss, H.C. and Zawisa, K.M., GM Global Technology Operations LLC, 2015.Vehicle and an airbag assembly for the vehicle. U.S. Patent 9,114,776. Van Ratingen, M.R., 2016. Saving Lives with Safer Cars: The Past, Present and Future of Consumer Safety Ratings. InProceedings of the IRCOBI Conference.

Ratio Analysis and Capital Budgeting

Question: Calculate some ratios for your firm (and also its economic profit) and assessing its business performance. Answer: Net profit margin: This is the ratio that helps in the calculation of the return on the sales. This is the profitability ratio which measures the amount of the return that the company is earning on the sales that is being generated by the company. The net income also compares the net income and the net sales of the company. The profit margin shows the % of the sales that is left after the payment of all the expenses (Accounting course, 2016). Net profit after tax/sales -4.8% 3.7% 2.6% 7.6% The above merely shows that the company is earning losses. The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses. The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. Return on assets: This is the ratio which is also known by the name of return on the total assets which is the profitability ratio. This measures the income which has been produced by the total average assets by the company. In the other words, the return on the assets helps in the measurement of the way in which the company is managing the assets for the purposes of profits during the period under review (Accounting course, 2016). Net profit after tax/total assets -2.0% 1.6% 1.3% 3.5% The above merely shows that the company is earning losses. The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses. The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. The stated ratio shall improve only when the net income earned by the company has improved. Days of inventory: This is the ratio which helps in the measurement of the number of days the company takes to sell the inventory. The lesser this ratio, the better it is for the company (Accounting course, 2016). Total asset turnover ratio: This is the efficiency ratio and helps in the measurement of the ability of the company to generate the sales from the employment of the assets. This helps in the comparison of the net sales with the total assets of the company. This helps in the measurement of the efficiency of the company when it comes to the use of the assets for the purposes of generation of the sales (Accounting course, 2016). Sales/total assets 0.41 0.44 0.50 0.46 The above ratio listed above shows that a decrease which is not good for the company since it means that the company is not putting enough efforts for the purposes of generating sales whereas the company should since the company evolves for generation of the profits. Current ratio: This is the ratio which is the liquidity ratio and helps in the measurement of the ability of the company to meet the liabilities that are short term in nature. This is done with the help of the current assets. The current liabilities are paid off using the current assets of the company. Current assets/current liabilities 1.03 0.68 0.51 0.42 The company with the greater amount of the current assets is able to pay off the short term liabilities in the shorter duration of the time. The company shows an increasing current ratio which is good since that means that the company is able to clear off its current liabilities with the help of the current assets (Accounting course, 2016). Debt equity ratio: This is the financial or the liquidity ratio which means shows the % of the financing of the company coming from the creditors and the investors. When this ratio is high, it shows that more bank loans are being used than the financing by the investors (Accounting course, 2016). Debt/equity 48.7% 32.0% 25.1% 20.8% The above shows that more amount of debt is being used which is not good because more debt means more risk for the company. Increased usage of the debt in the business means an increased amount of payment of the interest on the debt that has been borrowed. Equity ratio: This is the ratio that is the leverage or the solvency ratio of the company. This ratio helps in the measurement of the amount of the assets that are financed by the investment by the owners. This is achieved by the way of comparing the amount of the total equity invested in the company to the total assets. This ratio highlights two of the crucial components of the investment wherein the first is the total amount of the assets of the company that are owned by the investors of the company (My accounting course, 2016). Equity/total assets 80.6% 85.6% 94.9% 98.2% There has been a decrease in the equity ratio which indicates that the total assets of the company are being financed by the funds of the equity shareholders which in turn means that the debt is being used for the purposes of financing the assets of the company. This is not a god indication due to the reason that the increased debt shows more interest on the debt that has been borrowed for the company. Earnings per share: This is the ratio which is the earnings per share of the company. This is the market prospect ratio of the company. This is also known as the income per share and helps in the measuring of the amount of the money on each share of the company. It means the amount of the earnings on each share in case all the profits are distributed on the shares that are outstanding (My accounting course, 2016). Net profit after tax/nos of issued ordinary shares (0.60) 0.48 0.35 1.03 This means that the dividend per share is decreasing with each passing years. This shows lack of profits being earned by the company. Dividends per share: This is the sum that has been declared as the dividends for each of the ordinary shares that has been issued. This is computed by the amount of the dividends divided by the number of the equity shares that are outstanding. Dividends/number of issued ordinary shares 0.73 0.58 0.48 0.88 There has been a decrease in the amount of the dividend that has been earned during the year. This merely shows that the company is earning a lesser amount of the dividend on each of the shares that are outstanding. Price earnings ratio: This is the ratio whose short form is the P/E ratio. This is the market prospect ratio of the company which helps in the calculation of the market value of the stock to the relative earnings of the company. This ratio is compared with the market price of each of the share (My accounting course, 2016). Return on equity: The return on the equity is the ratio which is the profitability ratio. This helps in the measurement of the ability of the firm which is the generation of the profits from the investment of the shareholders in the company. This is the amount of the profit that has been earned by the investment of the equity into the company and it helps in the generation of the profits of the company (My accounting course, 2016). Comprehensive Income/shareholders' equity -2.45% 1.85% 1.35% 3.56% The above shows that the return has reduced. And it is due to this fact that the return on the equity has become negative. Return on net operating assets: This is the rate of the return on the assets that are operating. It helps the management in minimising the other asses in the books of account that is contributing to the revenue being generated by the company (Accounting tools, 2016). Operating income after tax (OI)/net operating assets (NOA) -0.96% 2.54% 2.25% 4.43% This shows that the operating income has become negative and the main reason behind the same is the decreasing operating income being earned by the company. Net borrowing cost: This is the borrowing cost of the company. This must be at the level wherein the interest on the borrowed capital is at the same level as the investment in the assets of the company. Profit margin: This is the ratio that helps in the calculation of the return on the sales. This is the profitability ratio which measures the amount of the return that the company is earning on the sales that is being generated by the company. The net income also compares the net income and the net sales of the company. The profit margin shows the % of the sales that is left after the payment of all the expenses (Accounting course, 2016).The above merely shows that the company is earning losses. The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses (Accounting tools, 2016). The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. Asset turnover: This is the efficiency ratio of the company which helps in the measurement of the generated sales from the assets that have been employed by the company (My accounting course, 2016). Sales/net operating assets (NOA) 0.41 0.44 0.50 0.46 The above shows that the return that is being used for the purposes of generating the sales has reduced. Economic profit: Economic profit consists of revenue minus implicit (opportunity) and explicit (monetary) costs; accounting profit consists of revenue minus explicit costs (Boundless, 2016). (RNOA - cost of capital) x net operating assets (NOA) (1,451.5) (169.4) (196.0) 469.0 This is negative which is not for the company. NPV and IRR: The net present value of the company comes out to be positive with the rate of return to be 14%. In case, the internal rate of return that is company wants comes tout to be 10% or less than 14%, then it would be wise for the company to accept the investment in this project since then the company would be in profit rather than being in losses. Recommendations: Taking into base ratio analysis: If we check out the net profit margin ratio, it clearly depicts that Company is in decreasing order which implies that profitability is reducing. Hence it is advisable that steps must be taken to increase the sale by initiating the marketing as well as simultaneously cost must be reduced (Accounting tools, 2016). Also, the economic profit shows huge decrease even negative. This scenario clearly predicts that the company is not showing good performance. Taking into consideration the same it is required to undertake initiative so that the performance of the company could be increase. Moreover, The company was earning profits during the early years but the operations are being carried out wherein the company is earning losses. The company is incurring losses which means that the company consuming all its profits and all the necessary measures must be undertaken so that the company could start earning profits again. For NPV and IRR: Net present value for the investment is positive which implies that proposed investment must be undertaken so positive NPV clearly depicts that the product could be undertaken without any hassle. Thus as already stated The net present value of the company comes out to be positive with the rate of return to be 14%. In case, the internal rate of return that is company wants comes tout to be 10% or less than 14%, then it would be wise for the company to accept the investment in this project since then the company would be in profit rather than being in losses (Accounting tools, 2016). References: Accountingtools.com. (2016).Return on Operating Assets - AccountingTools. Difference Between Economic and Accounting Profit. (2016).Boundless. My Accounting Course. (2016).Asset Turnover Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Asset Turnover Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Current Ratio | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Days Sales in Inventory Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Debt to Equity Ratio | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Earnings Per Share | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Equity Ratio | Formula | Analysis | Example. My Accounting Course. (2016).Price Earnings P/E Ratio | Analysis | Formula | Example.

Ulysses Essays - Odyssey, Ulysses, Telemachus, Odysseus,

Ulysses An Idle King In "Ulysses," Tennyson presents Ulysses, the great Greek war hero and warrior of the Trojan War, serving, again, as king of Ithaca. Ulysses, having been home for three years, feels himself stagnating and wasting his life in the unwanted role of king. Longs to be again the man he has been. Ulysses desires a life of independence, physical adventure, and intellectual pursuit. Ulysses desires a life of independence. The island is dependent on him and the civilization "hoard, and sleep, and feed, and know not me." Ulysses yearns to escape to be on his own yet; the people rely on his kingship although they carry out life without giving much thought for Ulysses. He sees the "savage race" not aware of what his heart desires nor of adventure and/or intellectual life. After three years of being king, Ulysses feel old and his idleness leaves him with his name and reputation. Discerns that his subjects do not comprehend his personality, and believes that his talents are disappearing while staying at Ithaca. Ulysses says, "How dull it is to pause, to make an end" to a journey that has adventure, courageous events, and glory. He does not want to stop and live life as king, but to sail himself into independence. Telemachus, son of Ulysses, is more fitted to govern than his father does because Telemachus strives to take over "the scepter and the isle." Secondly, Telemachus has the deposition that will allow him "... by slow prudence to make/A rugged people," and bring them to a state that "is useful and ... good." Ulysses sees his son able to amend the citizens up to a new level. In seeking independence, Ulysses chooses to give his throne to his son so he can rejuvenate his soul, and which allows himself to find greatness again. Ulysses desires a life of physical adventure. He comes to realize that "For some three suns" he has "store[d], and hoard[ed]" himself as though to "rest from travel." Remembers living abroad for twenty years as he "[roamed] with a hungry heart" seeking and feeling adventure. Destiny allows Ulysses to see much different "cities of men" where they have certain "manners, climates, councils, [and] governments," which greet him with respect and honor. Ulysses also remembers of the times he has "enjoyed/Greatly, ... suffered greatly, both with those that loved me and alone." The "delight of battle.../Far on the ringing planes of windy Troy" pleases Ulysses and calms his soul which seeks for more adventure. The king knows that breathing is not living and wishes to fulfill life with many adventures and experiences. What little life remains for Ulysses, he knows that "life plied on life," one life after another, is not enough for all of the delightful wars. In addition, he apprehends that his sailors are old, like himself, but that "Old age hath yet his honor and his toil." Ulysses desires a great amount of adventure by sailing with his hair in the wind again. This, he thinks, will save him from being "a gray spirit yearning in desire," and will restore him to, like before, an active life. Ulysses desires a life of intellectual pursuit. He finds satisfaction in physical adventure and in a continuos intellectual venture to fill his avid thirst for life. Ulysses continually seeks for knowledge, "Beyond the utmost bound of human thought." Considers himself "...a part of all that ... [he has] met," from the previous travels, yet he wishes "to seek a newer world." How he will find the new destination is by "sail[ing] beyond the sunset, and the baths of all the western stars, until [he dies]." Ulysses will continue his quest for intellectual pursuit traveling westward toward the unexplored land that might lie in the Atlantic Ocean and keep seeking knowledge until death overtakes him. In his monologue, Ulysses states, "... every hour ... saved from that eternal silence [death]," is "A bringer of new things." Ulysses will undertake to reach the horizon, which is always from its pursuer, seeking new knowledge. Not only his thirst for insight will never be satisfied, but he plans, even if he has not, "that strength which in old days/Moved earth and heaven," will be capable to strive, to seek, to find...." The quest for wisdom makes Ulysses wants to leave his kingdom and feel the same again as years before. Ulysses, who desires to be independent, finds that the life he returns to be not what after twenty years he has been searching. He feels that he needs to be adventurous,

Manets Olympia

Manets Olympia Edouard Manet : OlympiaIn 1863 Edouard Manet painted one of the most controversial pieces of art the world has ever seen. Manet's painting was entitled Olympia. For years many have seen it as a joke and others a masterpiece. Discussion of the painting has included lines that look elementary, dull color, poor subject matter, and unexplainable meanings. Others feel that the simple lines, lifeless color, unique subject matter, and various meanings make the painting one of the best in the world. Although peoples' views differ no one is to say right from wrong. Anyone's interpretation of this artwork is as unique and individual as one's own personality. The way that someone views any piece of art depends on their personal experience. Olympia inhabits many aspects of creativity that some flock to while others run.The painting's lines differentiate throughout the painting. Olympia herself has an outlined look, this makes her look two dimensional.English: Detail of Edouard Manet's Olympia. ( The b...Using this type of contour line makes her look very flat. Olympia, however, is the only object in this painting like this. Other lines used allow the painting to flow. For instance the curtain in the background looks graceful as well as the pillows and sheets in the foreground. Its amazing how Manet made the indentation on both the pillows and the sheets. Detail is also expressed greatly. The wallpaper and curtain designs look very stylized, even though they are both different colors, they seem related because of the pattern in them. The flowers are also very detailed. The lines of the flowers allow them to be seen individually instead of collectively. Also the same flowers seen in the bouquet held by the servant can be seen in the blanket Olympia is sitting on. Another attention to detail is Olympia's bracelet and necklace.

The Ancient World in the News Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Ancient World in the News - Essay Example Magli further speaks of King’s star Regulus which became visible near the sun during those days. Unfortunately, the Regulus phenomenon does not occur nowadays due to earth’s orbit change. Pappas’ article, however, indicate the strong bonds between architecture and astronomy in the ancient world. While the general public would be interested to realize that even the great pyramids of Gaza would have been built precisely in reference with stars, the archeological scholars are already on the way to establish the solar pattern by examining other cities built by Alexander the Great. Hence, it may also lead them to find the king’s tomb which is hidden for more than 2000 years. The Google Earth satellite imagery survey has located two complexes in Egypt. Theses two possible pyramid complexes are almost 90 miles apart, writes Rossella Lorenzi. On closer examination both these formations have similar features of pyramid complexes. Though the images obviously have en ough of pyramidal evidence, it will not be verified unless field research is conducted. However, this piece of news will be interesting to archeological students and enthusiasts because the description it provides has minute details of the formation. The formation is located about 1.5 miles east of Dimai, one of the ancient towns. The sight has three mounds in a specific formation that are identical with formation of Giza Plateau Pyramids. The researcher, further, points out the color of the mounds as the darker appearance of the mound resembles the mud brick walls of Dimai. As per the article, Dimai, which had been founded in third century BC, had reached its heights during the first and second century AD, mainly benefiting from the prominent trade rout it had. The city however was abandoned in the middle of the third century AD. Nonetheless, these are potential pyramid sites, which resemble the 13th Dynasty Egyptian Pyramids, yet to b discovered by the Egyptologists. The discoveri es made at field session conducted by Mary-Ann Pouls Wegner, director of excavation and a professor at the University of Toronto, revealed the secrets at the ‘Terrece of the Great God’, which is a holy place in the ancient Egypt. Abydos was the burial place of the earliest kings of Egypt. The great God of the underworld Osiris was believed to be buried in Abydos. Hence, Egyptians would carry an image of Osiris from the temple constructed in Abydos to his tomb and celebrate it with rituals, writes Owen Jarus. Pouls Wegner talks about the clear evidences discovered during the field examination with regards to the jubilation and fanfare at this procession. The team also discovered a monumental building in which a chamber was filled with mummies of animals. The animals included sheep, goats, a cat and mostly dogs. The next chamber had a wooden statue wearing a headdress of a pharaoh. The extremely thin waist of this wooden statue, somehow, suggested Wegener to examine the l arge stone statues of Hatshepsut, the female Pharaoh of Egypt almost 3500 years ago. Wegener, however, is reluctant to identify the wooden statue with the female Pharaoh. As a matter of fact, the team will continue to explore this dismaying land which probably has many challenges yet to be solved, writes Owen Jarus. Discussing the above news articles proves the fact that most of the answers to the mystical puzzles regarding pyramids are objects of speculations. The prime difficulty in this issue is that Egyptians

Should a company hire new workers or outsource an HRM function due to Term Paper

Should a company hire new workers or outsource an HRM function due to an increase demand of the companys product - Term Paper Example Should a company hire new workers or outsource an HRM function due to an increase demand of the company’s product? Outsourcing is an organizational trend practiced by most companies and its primary objective is to reduce costs and shorten workloads. It is economically beneficial to outsource an organizational function instead of hiring new employees. This is one simple way to reduce costs of acquiring additional manpower. Activities that can be outsourced include production or manufacturing, management functions like payroll system, financial processing, procurement, distribution and logistics, and other general services functions. Almost any kind of organizational activity can be outsourced but it is not advisable to outsource what is called core activity. Most firms in Europe and the United States outsource production and manufacturing activities. There are benefits for this kind of activity and arrangement on the part of the two companies but there are also drawbacks, for example, the quality of the product might be jeopardized. Some people judge service quality by comparing the service offered by an outsourcing company with the services that they used to have. There is also the disruption on the continuity of the services over a prolonged period of time, added with problems in the course of outsourcing. But through outsourcing, we can also have an improved operational process, although this is not to mean that we can outsource any activity in the organization in order to reduce costs. Abstract This essay will explain a firm’s choice of applying outsourcing to human resource. Instead of hiring new employees, a firm can hire the services of an outsourcing company to provide HRM functions. This is one of the simplest ways to acquire manpower but at the same time it answers to cost-cutting measures of a firm. With so many expenses a firm has to endure, outsourcing is seen as the answer. Moreover, through outsourcing we can institute changes and innovations and improve operational processes with the help of another organization. The question is: is it all positive? No, there are repercussions and drawbacks. Not all processes and functions can be outsourced. Managers and employees of firms that have experienced outsourcing have warned that there are functions that should be executed by managers and employees who are organic in the company. Another disadvantage is that outsourcing jeopardizes quality. Also, firms that outsource core competencies do not see the imp ortance of focusing on employees’ capability and knowledge considering that there is a relation between contented employees and contented customers. Introduction Firms find outsourcing as an easy way to produce products without much costs of production. Human resource is also another area where outsourcing can be done. Outsourcing is a trend in organizations where partnership of suppliers and businesses are involved, and networking is enhanced. There are hosts of other functions that can be done with outsourcing. But there are negative repercussions if outsourcing is not well planned and studied before it is applied. There may be economic benefits in the short term, but in the long run there can be negative effects, and some of these include cultural factors and cultural integration, continuity of skill of employees, and so on. The negative effects can also result into loss of savings or added expenditures on the part of the firm that applied outsourcing to HRM functions. An example of this negative repercussion is that there could be loss of skill on the employees, and some employees can feel insecure of their job that they opt to resign. If there are losses, then what good is outsourcing?

Doppelganger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Doppelganger - Essay Example The Nolans use nonlinear narrative approach to capture the themes in the screenplay in a whole new fashion that not only entertains, but captures new aesthetics of a 21st century film. This paper analyses how different styles such as mise-en-scene, cinematography, editing and sound design affect the overall outcome of the themes and aesthetics in â€Å"The Prestige.† Robert Angier and Alfred Borden cut the image of two would-be illusionists working in harmony in Victorian London, but upon the unintended elimination of Angier’s wife, the two characters turn against each other; Bordwell (2013) noted that â€Å"with Julia’s death, the men become enemies.† Hell-bent on proving that the other is weaker and incapable, both parties discover a new center or focus in the elegant Olivia Wenscombe. By virtue of Wenscome, each of the two sinks deeper into mystery in an attempt to demonstrate that they he is the more powerful magician. â€Å"The Prestige† takes an atmospheric turn that seamlessly integrates magic’s natural mystery and secrecies with well-connected scenes that constantly ensure the audiences follow the story to the end while chasing unending solutions to the mysteries. Although, the storyline jumps from one time period to another in an effort to underscore the seriousness of the rivalry between the magicians, director Christopher Nolan clearly delineates the scenes to avoid any confusion among the audience. The carefully designed mise-en-scenes style featuring the two characters on the foreground at night in the outdoor scene, with lines of bulbs planted to the background, for example, not only creates an intriguing social life of the two characters at the beginning of the film, but also evokes a particular dreamlike value that is both attractive and mysterious (Bordwell, 2013). Neither of the two protagonists is predominantly likeable especially in the dark clothes they adorn and their shadowy movements. Both men have somehow

Learning Disabilities Effects On Children and Students

Learning Disabilities Effects On Children and Students Adam did not pass some of his subjects in the fourth grade while his mothers trust that this problem is connected to his low reading skill. Although that Adam has passed his reading skill, but he just only get the lowest grade grade D or sometime get grade C. Due to this problem, Adam mother very worry about it and talk with the fourth grade teacher. The teacher show that Adam is not only the lowest level reading group and he also have other several problem like difficult to spell out and the writing skill is poor. In spite of this problem, Adam does not have any difficult in the math because he always can get grade B in that subject. So, Adam mother did not understand because he studies very hard every night but still get the lowest grade. ( Bender, 2008, p. 5 ) From this situation, it show that Adam have infected learning disabilities. From 1977 and 1995, the percentages of students have learning disabilities from 1.8 percent increase to 5.8 percent. These show that numbers of st udents have learning disabilities have increased almost 200 percents in less than 20 years ( Kaufman Kaufman, 2001, as cited in US Office of Education, 1996 ) and 48 percent of those with learning disabilities did not have any people wanted to employ them. ( Statistics on Learning Disabilities, n.d. ). Learning disabilities will become a very serious problems if still did not overcome it. What is learning disability? Learning disabilities is different with physical disabilities; it is a disorder that affects people that what they see, hear to link the information from the different part of the brain.(Kenyon, 2003) Learning disabilities cannot be seen, so it very difficult to detect someone that have learning disabilities and it is different from one person to another person which means that one person that has learning disabilities which may have different kind of problem from the other people that have learning disabilities. With a person that has learning disabilities, their brain working structure is differently with a normal person because it affected a person ability to speak, write, hear, calculate, and so on. Until now, many researches is done to find out the causes of learning disabilities, but it still not yet sure as to the causes because people that have learning disabilities have different in their person brain works and how it process information. They just have three general reasons that cause learning disabilities. Firstly is inheritance. This can be happen because some is come through genetic factors that means that their parent has learning disabilities that causes their son affected on learning disabilities. Moreover, it is very easy to find people that with learning disabilities with parent, children, relatives, and so on. Learning disabilities is mostly people have affected because it did not like other diseases that easily to find out and most of people are did not care about it. Secondly is problem during pregnancy and birth. This can be happen because some of the mother may be influence to the other diseases that cause their child affected to it. Besides that, some of the mother that smoking during pregnancy that can causes the child learning disabilities because the cigarette that contains tobacco that can spoils the child brain system. Moreover, alcohol also can affect because alcohol is dangerous to the fetus developing brain and may distort the developing neurons. The child that low birth weight that below 5 pounds is also very risky because it may be very easily to get varies of problem including learning disabilities. Lastly is the incident after birth. This can happen because some of the parents are did not take care well of their children that may causes their child head injured. This may causes their child affected learning disabilities. Moreover, child that has not enough nutrition and exposure to toxic substance like cadmium, lead, and so on may causes the child affected learning disabilities. Learning disabilities have divided into four parts, which is motor disorder, math disorder, reading disorder and writing disorder. Motor disorder is also call as dyspraxia that it have problem on the movement and coordination whether it is with fine motor skills or gross motor skills. (Kemp, Segal Cutter, 2010 ) Until now, scientist still cannot figure out the causes of the motor disorder while the expert believe that is the nerve cells that control motor neurons is not develop well, so that the brain need a longer time to transfer and process the data. The symptom of the motor disorder is more easily found during the childhood, because they may take a longer time to do something like sit, stand, walk and so on. To treat the motor difficult, there are have three type of therapy. First is the occupational therapy, this therapy is an occupational therapist will observe the child how the child manage the daily activity in home and school then the therapist will help the child to develo p some specific skill for the event that may be troublesome for them. Another is speech and language therapy, for this therapy, therapist will carry out some assessment of the child speech then help the child to communicate with other people more accurate and the last is perceptual motor training. This training is to improve the child language, movement, visual, and skill so that the child will not become stressful or frustrated in the future. Math disorders is also called as dyscalculia which means that a person that difficulties to learning concepts of math. Children that have math difficult does not remember the math facts, confuse with the math operations especially the multi step process, difficulties in language processing that may affect to complete math problem solving, delay in counting, and so on. The cause of the math disorder is the language and the visual processing centres of the brain that causes child that have math difficult to solve the math question. Moreover, math disorder also may be inherited by their parents or can be a problem on the brain development during the pregnancy. To treat math disorder, we can work help them to visualise the math problem by drawing a diagram or picture then explain it to them to let them understand on it. Besides that, we can use math game to let them practice the concept of math. By using this method, it can teach them the basic fact of the math and lastly is the teacher and parent never give up, because people that have math disorder may need a lot of time to solve a question, so teachers or parents need to be a little bit extra effort to teach them. Reading disorders is also called as dyslexia which means a person is having a difficult to read it and spell it. Reading disorder mostly happen during the early grade of schooling that it mostly obvious will show that the child was frustrated by the difficulty to read or spell out a word. This will causes the child become low self-esteem and depression and finally become unmotivated and will hate going to school. Besides that, reading disorder will cause a lot of problem like very difficult to identify a word, difficult to create a new idea or images, difficult to understanding word or vocabulary, and so on. What causes reading disorder? Reading disorder is causes by the impairment of the brain ability to send the images from the eye, ear to the brain into understandable language. Besides that, reading disorder also may hereditary from their parents. To treat the reading disorder, teacher can make the reading easier which means that by using flash card or tape in the classroom to hel p more easily to remember all the words, moreover, we also need to give extra time for child that have reading disorder especially during exam because they need a lot of time to finish and show to their children what they have learned. ( Bailet, 2009 ) Besides that, teacher and parent also need to help them to catch up all the words that they may be forgotten. Writing disorder is also called as dysgraphia means that a person that difficult to say out something through writing. It generally prefer to bad hand writing. ( Dysgraphia, n.d.) So, children that have affected in this writing disorder will need a lot of time to write out all the words. Most of children that have learning disabilities, they write out words that very difficult to read and understanding. Besides that, the size or the shape of the words will not consistency that means the words will from smaller to bigger or bigger to smaller. People that have writing disabilities will struggle when they need to use writing as communication with each other. Writing disorder can be happening is only having three reasons. The most reason is poor motor skills, motor skill is controlling our body muscle that support our movement, writing and so on. If a person that motor skill poor, he will be very difficult to have a good writing skill. To treat this writing disorder, multi sensory teachi ng method can be used by to teacher to develop the students skills through play, hand strengthening exercises and so on. (Dysgraphia treatment for school age kids, n.d. ) Teachers can let their student play practicing letter words in sand, jigsaws and so on to let them to develop the writing skills. For the hand strengthening method, can let the students have writing disorder playing tennis, badminton to strength their hand muscle so that they can have a good writing skills. On the above mention all the type of learning disabilities that happen on the children or students. For the parent that their son or daughter that have learning disabilities, they can do something to help their son or daughter like praise them when he or she done well, because children that have learning disabilities are very less can do something very well. So, it can pursue them to learn their strengths and talents. (Learning disability (cont), n.d.) Besides that, parents must always pay attention to their own children, it means that pay attention to their mental health because when their children was frustrated to the homework that they may feel that they need a lot of time to finish it. So, parent should console their children to make them feel better. Despite that, parents should find out a way that learning method is suitable to their child. This means that parent should know their children learn something by using listening, looking, practice, and so on. So that, parent can us ing their children learning method to improve their children strength. While for the teacher, teacher should give more time to the students that have learning disabilities. Teacher should give a lot time especially in their homework, because most of the students that have learning disabilities, they need a lot of time to do their homework, so that they will not feel frustrated on their homework. Besides that, teachers should allow the students that have writing disorder using computer that have recognize speech or grammar check, so that it can help them to study well in the academic. Moreover, teachers can involved by teaching them by specially them writing until the students writing skills become more and more prefect. In the conclusion, learning disabilities is become more and more common in the world. In United State of America, they are almost 2.5 million students are having special treatment for learning disabilities. (LD Fast Facts, n.d.) So, we must have the general knowledge about the learning disabilities and also type of the learning disabilities like reading disorder, writing disorder, motor disorder and math disorder. Besides that, parent should take more care about their son or daughter that have learning disabilities because they also will feel frustrated when they need a lot of time to finish their homework and the teacher also needed to help their students to have learning disabilities so that they can a lot of things. Moreover, teacher and parents should figure out their children/students strengths, so that teachers and parents can use it to improve their student/children strength or talent.

Techniques for Authentic Assessment :: Learning Education Educational Essays

Techniques for Authentic Assessment Learning is . . . a dynamic process in which learners actively construct knowledge . . . the acquisition and organization of information into a series of increasingly complex understandings . . . influenced by context (Holt 1992). Educators who view learning in this way realize that quantitative methods of evaluating learners do not "measure up." Authentic forms of assessment present a more qualitative and valid alternative. Authentic assessments (AAs) incorporate a wide variety of techniques "designed to correspond as closely as possible to `real world' student experiences" (Custer 1994, p. 66). They are compatible with adult, career, and vocational education. After all, apprenticeship is a time-honored form of authentic learning: skills taught in context. "High-performance workplaces" demand critical thinking, self-directed learning, and individual responsibility for career development (Borthwick 1995; Jones 1994)-which the process of AA can develop. This Practice Application Brief describes types of authentic assessment, explains some of the advantages and challenges they present, and highlights some best practices in design and implementation, with specific examples from adult, career, and vocational education. What Are AAs? Assessments are authentic when they have meaning in themselves-when the learning they measure has value beyond the classroom and is meaningful to the learner. AAs address the skills and abilities needed to perform actual tasks. The following are some tools used in authentic assessment (Custer 1994; Lazar and Bean 1991; Reif 1995; Rudner and Boston 1994): checklists (of learner goals, writing/reading progress, writing/reading fluency, learning contracts, etc.); simulations; essays and other writing samples; demonstrations or performances; intake and progress interviews; oral presentations; informal and formal observations by instructors, peers, and others; self-assessments; and constructed-response questions. Students might be asked to evaluate case studies, write definitions and defend them orally, perform role plays, or have oral readings recorded on tape. They might collect writing folders that include drafts and revisions showing changes in spelling and mechanics, revision strateg ies, and their history as a writer. Perhaps the most widely used technique is portfolio assessment. Portfolios are a collection of learner work over time. They may include research papers, book reports, journals, logs, photographs, drawings, video and audiotapes, abstracts of readings, group projects, software, slides, test results; in fact, many of the assessment tools listed earlier could have a place in a portfolio. However, the hallmark of a portfolio used for assessment is that the contents are selected by the learner (Hayes et al.

Adversity Essay

I woke up at 11 am feeling refreshed. I hadn’t slept in since my family had started on our road trip to Canada. We were finally in Calgary and were leaving for home the next day-A good 22-hour drive. I got up quickly from my bed and jumped over my laptop charger. A disorienting head rush suddenly came upon me and I felt dizzy. I saw the stairs briefly and then it seemed like I was tumbling. When I could finally think again, I realized that my parents were in panic and I was surrounded by blood. Turned out, I fell right into some glass and as I would later find out, it had cut an important tendon in my shin. I was rushed to the ER and got surgery to fix my tendon. I asked the doctor to take some pictures of my leg right before I was sedated. After the surgery, a huge temporary cast was put on my leg and I was given crutches with which I could hobble around. Now came the 22-hours in a car with my injured leg. Luckily they weren’t as bad as I had thought they would be. Finally I was home. My friends visited me and were aghast at the size of my cast and the pictures of my leg! They thought I was just joking and wasn’t really injured. I had to spend 6 weeks in my cast. Six grueling weeks during which all I did was watch movies and tv shows on my laptop. My whole summer passed me by and I couldn’t do anything. My friends play basketball in the heat, thoroughly enjoying themselves while I watched them wistfully. Time went by slowly but finally I got my cast off only to find out that my tendon was too weak to walk on so I had to endure two weeks in a black boot. It was still summer and because my boot absorbed sunlight, my foot often smelled and had heat sores on it. I almost preferred my cast to this hell. Eventually my boot came off too. I could finally walk! I was sent to six weeks of physiotherapy where I found out that I probably wouldn’t be running or jumping for another 6 months almost. Well, at least I didn’t have to run miles for PE. I have only three more months now and I am optimistic. Since I can’t run, I started working on my biceps and now I can show them off. Soon I will be running as fast as the wind and touching the sky with my perfect two legs. That day cannot come fast enough.

ACOSTA Surname Meaning and Origin

ACOSTA Surname Meaning and Origin The Spanish and Portuguese surname Acosta originated as a name used to  refer to a person who lived on a riverbank or by the coast, or from the mountains (encostas). The name derives from the Portuguese da Costa, a cognate of English coast. Acosta is the 60th most common Spanish surname. Alternate Surname Spellings: COSTA, COSTAS, COSTES, DA COSTA, COSTE, COTE, LACOSTE, DELACOSTE, DELCOTE, CUESTA, COSTI Surname Origin: Spanish, Portuguese Where Do People With the ACOSTA Surname Live? According to  Forebears, Acosta is the 518th most common surname in the world. It is found most prevalently in Paraguay, where it ranks 14th in the nation, followed by Uruguay (16th), Argentina (20th), Cuba (27th), Dominican Republic (42nd), Venezuela (45th), Colombia (51st), Panama (73rd) and Mexico (78th).  Within Spain, Acosta is found most frequently in the Canary Islands, according to WorldNames PublicProfiler.  In the United States, the Acosta surname follows the patterns of most Hispanic surnames, being found most often in the states of Florida, Texas, California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Colorado, Illinois, New York, New Jersey, Vermont, and Connecticut. Acosta is also fairly common in eastern Canada, especially in Toronto and Quebec. Famous People With the ACOSTA Surname Joaquin Acosta -  19th-century Colombian explorer and writerMercedes de Acosta - American poet, playwright, and novelistCarlos Acosta - Cuban ballet dancerManny Acosta - Panamanian professional baseball playerHector Acosta - Dominican musician Genealogy Resources for the Surname ACOSTA 100 Most Common Spanish SurnamesHave you ever wondered about your Spanish last name and how it came to be? This article describes common Spanish naming patterns and explores the meaning and origins of 100 common Spanish surnames. How to Research Hispanic HeritageLearn how to get started researching  your Hispanic ancestors, including the basics of family tree research and country-specific organizations, genealogical records, and resources for Spain, Latin America, Mexico, Brazil, the Caribbean, and other Spanish speaking countries. Acosta Family Crest - Its Not What You ThinkContrary to what you may hear, there is no such thing as an Acosta family crest or coat of arms for the Acosta surname.  Coats of arms are granted to individuals, not families, and may rightfully be used only by the uninterrupted male-line descendants of the person to whom the coat of arms was originally granted.   The Acosta DNA Surname ProjectThe Acosta Family Project seeks to find common heritage through sharing of information and DNA testing. Any variant spellings of the Acosta surname are welcome to participate. ACOSTA Family Genealogy ForumThis free message board is focused on the descendants of Acosta ancestors around the world. Search past queries, or post a question of your own. FamilySearch - ACOSTA GenealogyAccess over 1.1 million free historical records and lineage-linked family trees posted for the Acosta surname and its variations on this free genealogy website hosted by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. ACOSTA Surname Mailing ListThis free mailing list for researchers of the Acosta surname and its variations includes subscription details and searchable archives of past messages. Hosted by RootsWeb. DistantCousin.com - ACOSTA Genealogy Family HistoryExplore free databases and genealogy links for the last name Acosta. The Acosta Genealogy and Family Tree PageBrowse family trees and links to genealogical and historical records for individuals with the last name Acosta from the website of Genealogy Today. -References: Surname Meanings Origins Cottle, Basil. Penguin Dictionary of Surnames. Baltimore, MD: Penguin Books, 1967. Dorward, David. Scottish Surnames. Collins Celtic (Pocket edition), 1998. Fucilla, Joseph. Our Italian Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 2003. Hanks, Patrick, and Flavia Hodges. A Dictionary of Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1989. Hanks, Patrick. Dictionary of American Family Names. Oxford University Press, 2003. Reaney, P.H. A Dictionary of English Surnames. Oxford University Press, 1997. Smith, Elsdon C. American Surnames. Genealogical Publishing Company, 1997. Back to Glossary of Surname Meanings Origins

Essay RenadA ENG3UR U2L7a1

Essay RenadA ENG3UR U2L7a1 Essay RenadA ENG3UR U2L7a1 Lord of the Flies Literary Essay Symbolism is a very important element that is used in many novels. In William Goldings Lord of the Flies, the use of symbolism is very present and is shown through objects and characters. In Lord of the Flies, Simon symbolises the natural goodness in a human being. He is compassionate towards other people's feelings which shows true kindness. He helps other people out without needing any reasons for doing so, and he also is the only boy on the island that finds out the real truth about the beast. Even though Simon didn't really fit in well with the other boys on the island, he still remained very wise and tried his best to make a difference in other people's lives and his too. In the novel, Simon was described as a "skinny, vivid little boy...," (24) showing that he might have been weaker than the others physically, but not mentally. Despite his size, he still tried to help other people out on the island as best as he could. When the littluns could n ot reach the fruit, "Simon found for them the fruit they could not reach, pulled off the choicest from up in the foliage, passed them back down to the endless, outstretched hands." (56) He also was the only person that helped Ralph build shelters, while everybody else was doing their own thing, and having fun. Ralph said, "...I work all day with nothing but Simon...," (54) which shows that even though Simon could be doing his own thing like everybody else was, he stayed and helped Ralph out just for the good of it. The other boys on the island thought of Simon as "..queer...funny," (55) because he was rather odd, always going away in the forest alone for long periods of time. Every time Simon tried to talk to the other boys, his "effort fell about him in ruins; the laughter beat him cruelly and he shrank away defenseless in his seat." (89) Even though he was considered an outcast by the other boys, he still thought of other people's feelings, even though they didn't think of his. In the end, he was trying more to tell the boys what he knew, but they just thought he was weird. He told Ralph, 'You'll get back alright.';(111) Ralph's response was only that he thought Simon was 'batty.'; In another instance, he went to tell the others that he found out what the beast really was (the parachutist), but got caught in their bestial dance. They heard him 'crying something about a body on the hill,'; (152) but it was too late. In the darkness, he had been mistaken for the beast and was killed. Although Simon's life was a short one and he did not have the time to go through much change, he proved that there was hope for being rescued. He may have been an outcast and slightly weird, but he knew that everything would be just fine. Had he lived through the assault that took his life, the other boys would have seen that he was not as strange as they thought he was. It always seems that the children who know the most are mistaken for something else and are automatically sing led out. Finally, the good or moral person should be someone who stands up for what is right regardless of what others think, is willing to sacrifice for the greater good and is a very rational person. In the novel, Simon is the character who is shown as the good that exists in our society. First, Simon openly admits that he does not believe in the beast. Regardless of what the other boys think of him, he stands his ground. Secondly, Simon sacrifices his free time to help Ralph build shelter for all the boys. Although this involves much labour and hard work, he is willing to do anything he can to help out. Lastly, Simon is one of the only boys who does not jump to conclusions when rumors and stories of the beast begin to surface. Simon is the morally good boy. His selflessness and goodness comes from within. He is kind to the little boys, and helps the outcasts. For example, when none of the boys want to give Piggy meat from the first pig, Simon steps up and takes

Fourth Party System (1896-1928) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Fourth Party System (1896-1928) - Essay Example There were key changes in the Republican and Democratic parties amid 1896 and 1928. Further revolution was experienced due to the changing roles of the national government on farmers, business and minorities. The story of continuity and the key changes experienced in the fields are discussed aptly in the essay. Changes Republican and Democratic Parties between 1896-1928 There were major changes observed in the Republican and Democratic Parties. The changes concentrated in the number of times each party formed the authorized government (Wayne et al, 249). In my viewpoint, the fourth party system can be perceived as an era of inter party competition. Averagely, the 7 national elections held after 1896, the ratio of the party vote between the republicans and the democrats was 57.7% to 42.3% respectively (Wayne et al, 249). Moreover, the republicans got 60% of votes in the 22 states of North and West of the presidential election. Earlier, Democratic and Republican party dominance was equ al in between 1874 and1896. The base of electoral support was initiated when the electorate was modified and realigned by the 1896 election of 1896, which changed the political landscape (Wayne et al, 249). ... odrow Wilson’s 1912 election as the president representing the Democratic Party was only achieved because of the core division within the prevailing Republican coalition (Wayne et al, 249). Republican Party The issue that preoccupied the Republican Party leadership was the splitting up of the party’s members because of internal conflict amid the traditional conformist of the industrial-financial centers of the Northeast. A further cause of the schisms was the traditions of the Progressive reformer of the Middle West that caused disarray amid the Republicans. In my opinion, the issue that preoccupied the Republican Party leadership was Theodore Roosevelt role in splitting the republicans when he failed to capture the GOP nomination from President William Howard Taft (Wayne et al, 248). For this reason, he split the electoral votes in the range of 27.4% to 23.2%. The change observed in Republican Party was its renewal of dominance in producing potential candidates for the presidency. Changes in the Role of National Government between 1896-1928 The American national government had roles during the progressive era at the time the country was evolving from the agricultural epoch to industrial period, for transformation in economic augmentation. It is realistic that the national government experienced major changes in its role of governing the American groups such as farmers, workers, business, minorities and dissidents. The government had to come up with policies to guide large populace being employed in the manufacturing industries. I was especially moved by a research conducted that found out that 1 in 4 families practiced farming because of the industrialization era. The national government role was concentrated in the interest of maintaining and improving the

Foundation of managing and organising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Foundation of managing and organising - Essay Example Both big and small decisions need to be made on a daily basis and the people in charge must always have the right capacity to make the right decisions (Heizer & Render, 2004). In the case of the Junction Hotel, it is realized that a number of economic challenges are presently facing the operations of the organization. According to the rational theory, people generally organize activities out of rational motives. Through the application of rational organization, it is seen that efficiency is increased since people are focused on achieving goals an objectives. In this case, costs are brought down as much as possible. In any case, there is no particular style of leadership that is best for all situations. Different situations and environments will normally call for different approaches. The ability to manage an organization effectively largely depends upon the experience and skills of the managers in addition to the type of environment prevailing within the organization. A good leader s hould have the ability to switch from one style of management to another depending on the people and the work in the organization. The role of management at the Junction Hotel basically covers most of the operations realized in conventional organizations. In modern organizations, managers usually influence all phases of the organization. ... In the basic sense, the role of managers involves directing the organization towards the realization of goals. All organizations usually have goals or objectives to accomplish and the managers must therefore use the resources within the organization to achieve these goals (Terry, 2011). In this regard, the hotel manager at Junction Hotel is not simply expected to manage the organization. Management has to find solutions, innovate and create opportunities within and outside the organization. In this respect, organizational managers should be well versed in all the core aspects relating to effective management. Many major organizational failures across the world are usually linked to some miscalculation on the part of the management. An organization is a collection of different people bearing different skills, ideas and behaviors. Managers should therefore harness and utilize this diversity to the benefit of the organization. All managers must have the focus of directing the organizati on towards the attainment of its objectives. The role of managers in contemporary organization usually revolves around three functional areas: interpersonal role, informational role and decisional role (Certo & Ross, 2007). Interpersonal role refers to the interaction of the manager with people within and outside the organization. In most cases, the duties of the manager are symbolic and ceremonial in a way. It therefore calls for effective interaction with all parties in the organization in order to create a harmonious working environment which is crucial for the success of an organization. For instance, manager should attend social functions and award certificates to the outstanding employees. In the same way, the manager should act as a leader

Compare To an Athlete Dying Young and Ex-Basketball Player Term Paper - 1

Compare To an Athlete Dying Young and Ex-Basketball Player - Term Paper Example Updike talks about this failure as he had first hand experience of watching young people in his town ruining their lives. As he once said, â€Å"One of the dominant impressions of my growing-up in Pennsylvania - where I saw a lot of basketball games, thanks to my fathers being a high-school teacher and a ticket taker at home games - was the glory of home-town athletic stars, and their often anti-climactic post-graduation careers† (Monroe, â€Å"Inside Game†). Both the titles of the poem are in sync with the context or the content. The titles foreshadow and hence provide the readers with a general idea about the respective subjects of the poems. The title of â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† also hints upon the fact that this poem might be an elegy as the readers later find it to be true since the poem deals with death and is written in the memory of an athlete. The tone of the â€Å"Ex-Basketball Player† appears to be pessimistic. In very simple words, the poet depicts his disappointment regarding the behavior of the youth. On the other hand, although â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† is an elegy yet it has a comparatively optimistic tone because it portrays death as not only bliss but also describes it as a new beginning. The setting of the poem â€Å"Ex-Basketball Player† is a dreary and a sort of rundown gas station of 1946. The setting of the poem also adheres to the disappointed or dejected mood/tone of the poem. On the other â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† is set in an anonymous nineteenth century in town and a cemetery in England. â€Å"Ex-Basketball Player† does not follow any set pattern of rhyme scheme. The poet makes use of the technique of free verse and hence in very simple words conveys the poets perspective to the readers. On contrary â€Å"To an Athlete Dying Young† is a Lyrical poem with a rhyme scheme of AABB. Although it is

Integration of Aristotles Four Causes and Ego Psychology Essay Example for Free

Integration of Aristotles Four Causes and Ego Psychology Essay Ego Psychology Theory is based on Freud’s structure of mind model of identity, ego, and superego elaborated in more detail. Individuals have different ego controlling between primitive drives and realities. Individuals always deal with identities, drives and egos. However, if one has good control with ego, they can express their desire, drives and morals in realistic and socially appropriate ways. If failed, one confronts difficulties such as conflict with inner self and loss of mature interpersonal relationship. However, throughout lifetime, individuals change their feelings and behaviors to better fit their needs or minimize their conflict between primitive drives and realities. The material cause for ego psychology is identity and ego. Individuals are born with primitive drives, sexual desires, and egos which enable to organize their identity, drives and synthesize judgment, defined as decisions toward another in feelings, or to be aware of drives that affects feelings in accord with reality. In other words, ego can give a right direction for or control identity drives, whether it is satisfied or not in light of reality. The formal cause of ego psychology is ego development which is follows by means of the individuals needs, e. g. , affiliation with others, learning, etc. Hartmann says that we must develop â€Å"autonomous ego-development† (Hartmann, 1958, p, 101). The ego must be understood in relation with the individuals needs and drives, traits, expectations, and values. According to Hartmann, peoples defense mechanism develop their ego. Hartmann pointed out that â€Å"the defense processes may simultaneously serve both the control of instinctual drive and adaptation to the external world. † (Hartmann, 1958, p. 51) The efficient cause is adaptation â€Å"reality mastering† and a reciprocated relationship between an individual and his or her environment. The outcome of successful adaptation implies â€Å"fitting together† (Hartmann 1958, p, 36). If individuals overcome their conflicts, they are lead to their functions which are more or less closely related to the perceive reality. Therefore, successful adaptation embeds an individual in an environment. Also, it solves conflict among individual needs, capacities, and their environments due to the complicated tendencies of defensive egos. In early stages the ego is focused on differentiating itself from others and on affirming its separate existence though expression of drives. Later, the individuals begin to learn rules of conduct to follow in order to avoid group criticism (Martin,1981). The impact of interpersonal and environmental factors is thought to be crucial to the evolution of mature ego functions during the lifelong developmental process. The final cause of ego psychology is to find better adaptation and sustain ego function with regard to individual needs to adapt to their environments, drives, traits, and expectations. Other manifestations of social functioning problems and self regulation and control of drives affect other peoples perceptions is central to the development of an individuals behaviors and are appropriate in certain circumstances. People, because of their inevitable and requisite relationship with the world, are subject to change their attitudes, behaviors, and even their egos in order to cope with the changes and demands of other people around them and in the group they belong in. References Irving M. Rosen. (1968) Ego psychology of the adult years.Journal of Religion and Health, Volume 7, Number 3 PDF (243. 6 KB) Retrieved May 2, 2008, from SpringerLink database. Hartmann, Heinz. (1958) Ego psychology and the problem of adaptation. New York, NY: International Universities Press. Martin A, James. (2000) Ego psychology notes. Retrieved Apr. 2, 2008, from http://www. brynmawr. edu/Acads/GSSW/jam/switr/991415. htm Martin, Grotjahn. (1981) The therapeutic group process in the light of developmental ego Psychology. Group, Volume 5. Retrieved May 2, 2008, from SpringerLink database.

Body Preparation for Photo Shoot :: Photo Shoots Health Self Image Beauty Essays

Body Preparation for Photo Shoot Get a good night's sleep the two days before the shoot. Nothing wrecks a great photo more than a tired model. Hair Conditioning Healthy hair is thick hair. Thick hair is much more attractive in photos -- since it "lifts" off the top of the head and it "fills out" the air surrounding the head. The easiest way to achieve full hair is to use hair conditioner for at least two weeks. Additionally -- avoid using any hair dryers, heated curlers, or curling irons on your hair. This "heat" breaks down the hair proteins -- which leads to loss of hair volume and split and frayed hair. Nails Most people have problem nails. A simple solution it so apply nail coloring which is the same color as the "center" portion of the nail. By having the entire nail the same color -- it helps minimize the attention paid to hangnails, discolorations in the nail, and rough nail tips. Shaving There is a right way, and a wrong way to shave. When shaving -- you want to "shave with the grain" of the hair. Each hair comes out of the skin at a particular angle. The handle of the razor should be pointed in the same direction. This shaves off the hair cleanly at the surface. If you shave "against the grain" of the hair -- the razor is "pulling" the hair out of the body as it cuts it -- so that the hair "snaps back" under the skin after being cut. The Razor Burn (redness, itching, bumps) associated with shaving are caused by the hair trying to push its way back through the skin. When shaving longer hair (like pubic areas or legs) -- you will first want to use a very sharp scissors and trim the hair as close to the skin as possible. This will not only allow you to clearly see which direction the hair is coming out of the body -- but it also prevents the razor from "skipping & jumping" over long and tangled hairs (which leads to nicking of the skin). To shave properly, get the skin and the hair very wet. Use a shaving cream or baby oil (preferred) to help the razor glide over the skin more easily. I recommend using baby oil -- since it still allows you to see the direction the hair is exiting the body.

Civil Disobedience Paper Essay

Throughout US history, there were many occurrences performed by people that helped define American Identity. Some of the many aspects that helped evolve characteristics of American identity are civil disobedience, freedom of religion, and immigration. Historical happenings throughout time helped create how the US is today, and why certain freedoms are allowed. Civil Disobedience is one of the important aspects of american identity. Harriet Tubman played a great role in performing civil disobedience involving her freeing slaves. Harriet had a huge bounty on her head and still she rebelled against the law, rescuing more slaves. Henry David Thoreau also performed a part in the act of civil disobedience when he refused to pay taxes, because of his opposition to the Mexican-American War. He wrote an essay Resistance to Civil Government stating that citizens have the right to disobey the law if the law was considered unjust. Furthermore, Woman’s rights is another example of civil disobedience. Women weren’t treated as equal as men and were denied the right to vote. In 1848 the Declaration of Sentiments had 12 resolutions that called for equal treatment of women and men under the law and voting rights for women. Overall, civil disobedience plays a huge role in American identity. Freedom of religion is another aspect that highlights american identity. Many people came to America in search of religious freedom. Colonists wanted a chance to worship freely and have a religion they wanted to take part in. When the pilgrims came to American their goal was to escape the persecution of the puritans. Later on many religions began to disperse everywhere and therefor, population began to grow in America. The Salem Witchcraft Trials, and the Great Awakening of the 1730s played a great role in influencing freedom of religion. America became a refuge for those who wanted religious freedom and became a home to the many people that had the chance to improve their lives. Overall, religious freedom is a huge aspect defining American Identity. Since before America’s founding, immigration has been part of the American identity. In 1845, potato famine in Ireland stopped plants from growing and many families were starved and wished for an escape, nearly 3.5 million Irish migrated to America during the 1820s through the1880s. The Irish weren’t the only immigrants that migrated to America. The Germans had come to America during World War 1 in order to better their lives. Immigrants with money would buy farms in the country, and immigrants with very little money would stay in the city, mainly in New York. By 1855, New York homed at least seventy percent of the New York population. Many immigrants have come to America and still have many coming in and out of our country nowadays. Overall civil disobedience, freedom of religion, and immigration are just a few of the many traits given to the US over time. Because of all these happenings that have occurred in the US, we as citizens have many rights. Here in the US we are known to have different yet unique identities, all thanks to the acts of rebelliousness and righteousness throughout US history.